PWM Generation Function

Embedded systems play a crucial role in modern electrical and electronic engineering, as

they combine hardware and software to perform dedicated functions with high efficiency and

reliability. Microcontroller-based systems are widely employed in industrial control,

communication systems, medical devices, and educational laboratories. Among these applications,

signal generators represent an essential tool used for testing, debugging, and analyzing electronic

circuits.

This research presents the design and implementation of a microcontroller-based function

generator using an STM32 microcontroller. The system is capable of generating Pulse Width

Modulation (PWM) signals as well as analog waveforms such as sinusoidal and triangular signals.

The generated signals can be controlled in terms of frequency and duty cycle through a simple user

interface consisting of push buttons and a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).

The project focuses on the complete development cycle of an embedded electronic system,

including requirement analysis, hardware design, schematic capture, printed circuit board (PCB)

design and fabrication, embedded software development, system integration, testing, and

performance optimization. The final outcome demonstrates a practical and educational signal

generator suitable for laboratory and research applications.