The **OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model** . .

The **OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model** is a conceptual framework used to understand how data is transmitted between devices in a network. It consists of **seven layers**, with each layer performing a specific function in the communication process. The model starts with the **Physical Layer**, which handles the transmission of signals, and ends with the **Application Layer**, which interacts directly with users and software applications. The OSI Model helps network engineers design, manage, and troubleshoot networks more effectively.