Dual Axis Solar Tracking System

I designed and implemented a Dual Axis Solar Tracking System that automatically adjusts a solar panel’s position to continuously face the sun, maximizing energy output throughout the day.

The system uses four LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensors to detect the sun’s direction and controls both horizontal and vertical movement using a Stepper Motor and a Servo Motor. This approach significantly improves solar efficiency compared to fixed solar panels.

✅ What I Built

✔ Dual-axis solar tracking (horizontal & vertical)

✔ Automatic sun position detection

✔ Real-time motor control

✔ Efficient energy harvesting solution

✔ Compact and modular prototype design

✅ Hardware & Technologies Used

• Arduino Uno

• 4 × LDR Sensors (sun position detection)

• Stepper Motor (horizontal axis control)

• Servo Motor (vertical axis control)

• Motor driver module

• Resistors, capacitors, switches, LEDs

• Embedded C / Arduino framework

✅ System Overview

LDR sensors compare light intensity from different directions

The Arduino processes sensor data to determine the sun’s position

The stepper motor rotates the panel horizontally

The servo motor adjusts the vertical tilt angle

The system continuously tracks the sun to maximize solar energy output

✅ Key Features

? Dual-axis sun tracking

•⚙️ Precise motor control

• Improved solar panel efficiency

• Scalable for larger solar installations

•♻️ Ideal for renewable energy applications

✅ Use Cases

• Solar energy systems

• Renewable energy research

• Smart energy solutions

• Educational and academic projects

• Automated solar farms