This academic research project investigates advanced chemical, physical, biological, and nanotechnological methods for treating water and wastewater contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs). It provides a comprehensive analysis of the sources, classifications, environmental impacts, and health risks associated with POPs. The study emphasizes cutting-edge nanotechnology-based techniques, such as photocatalysis, nanofiltration, and MOF-based adsorption, showcasing their potential to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of pollutant removal. The project includes scientific documentation, technical analysis, and visual data representation using figures and tables, demonstrating my ability to conduct systematic scientific research and present findings in a clear, structured format.