This report presents an in-depth exploration of Diabetes Mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. It systematically covers the types of diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, gestational, and specific secondary types), their pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies. The report highlights current pharmacological options, lifestyle interventions, and advances such as smart insulin systems, dual-incretin therapies, and cell-based treatments like Lantidra. It concludes with recent research breakthroughs and innovations in digital health, providing a well-rounded